Approaches, applications, and challenges in physiological emotion recognition — a tutorial overview

An automatic emotion recognition system can serve as a fundamental framework for various applications in daily life from monitoring emotional well-being to improving the quality of life through better emotion regulation. Understanding the process of emotion manifestation becomes crucial for building emotion recognition systems. An emotional experience results in changes not only in interpersonal behavior but also in physiological responses. Physiological signals are one of the most reliable means for recognizing emotions since individuals cannot consciously manipulate them for a long duration. These signals can be captured by medical-grade wearable devices, as well as commercial smart watches and smart bands. With the shift in research direction from laboratory to unrestricted daily life, commercial devices have been employed ubiquitously. However, this shift has introduced several challenges, such as low data quality, dependency on subjective self-reports, unlimited movement-related changes, and artifacts in physiological signals. This tutorial provides an overview of practical aspects of emotion recognition, such as experiment design, properties of different physiological modalities, existing datasets, suitable machine learning algorithms for physiological data, and several applications. It aims to provide the necessary psychological and physiological backgrounds through various emotion theories and the physiological manifestation of emotions, thereby laying a foundation for emotion recognition. Finally, the tutorial discusses open research directions and possible solutions

A Hybrid Machine Learning Model to Recognize and Detect Plant Diseases in Early Stages

This paper presents an improved Inception module to recognise and detect plant illnesses substituting the original convolutions with architecture based on modified-Xception (m-Xception). In addition, ResNet extracts features by prioritising logarithm calculations over softmax calculations to get more consistent classification outcomes. The model’s training utilised a two-stage transfer learning process to produce an effective model. The results of the experiments reveal that the suggested approach is capable of achieving the specified level of performance, with an average recognition fineness of 99.73 on the public dataset and 98.05 on the domestic dataset, respectively

Paisy : a mobile banking experience for Indians with limited digital literacy

While India is aiming to rapidly transform from a cash-only to a cashless and digital economy, people with low digital literacy, especially middle-aged adults in India who matured in the pre-smartphone period, find it difficult to switch to digital payments and digital banking. Although banks and private companies have created mobile payment solutions to enable cashless banking, these solutions seem to be designed only for digital natives, i.e., the young and digitally literate population. These solutions do not address the needs of novice digital users having limited digital literacy. I have therefore designed a mobile banking experience intended to empower middle-aged Indian adults with limited digital literacy to use mobile banking independently and confidently.Desig

Requirements for a Reference Dataset for Multimodal Human Stress Detection

Stress is necessary for optimal performance and functioning in daily life. However, when stress exceeds person-specific coping levels, then it begins to negatively impact health and productivity. An automatic stress monitoring system that tracks stress levels based on physical and physiological parameters, can assist the user in maintaining stress within healthy limits. In order to build such a system, we need to develop and test various algorithms on a reference dataset consisting of multimodal stress responses. Such a reference dataset should fulfil requirements derived from results and practices of clinical and empirical research. This paper proposes a set of such requirements to support the establishment of a reference dataset for multimodal human stress detection. The requirements cover person-dependent and technical aspects such as selection of sample population, choice of stress stimuli, inclusion of multiple stress modalities, selection of annotation methods, and selection of data acquisition devices. Existing publicly available stress datasets were evaluated based on criteria derived from the proposed requirements. It was found that none of these datasets completely fulfilled the requirements. Therefore, efforts should be made in the future to establish a reference dataset, satisfying the specified requirements, in order to ensure comparability and reliability of results

Application of film marketing tools in Kannada film industry: An empirical analysis

Film marketing process has been enriched by the revolutionary changes in the field of communication science and technology. The article is based on empirical study of application of film marketing tools in Kannada film industry. The Kannada film industry has achieved commendable progress during the last eight decades. The film marketing strategies have undergone revolutionary changes consequent on several media campaigns, fairs and festivals in India. The review of literature clearly indicates that not even a single scientific investigation has been carried out on film marketing with special reference to Kannada film industry. The present investigation was carried out on the basis of systematic survey research method. Several advanced film marketing tools have been used by the various stakeholders in Kannada film industry according to the present investigation. The study envisages that Kannada film industry should get rid of the age old formula which glorifies sex, romance, violence, music and dance. The Kannada film marketing strategies should be based on meaningful corporate tie-ups and merchandising in the present times. The stakeholders of Kannada film industry are required to inculcate innovative and creative film marketing strategies which would boost Kannada film industry in the new millennium

Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine Guideline on Preoperative Screening and Assessment of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

The purpose of the Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine guideline on preoperative screening and assessment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is to present recommendations based on the available clinical evidence on the topic where possible. As very few well-performed randomized studies in this field of perioperative care are available, most of the recommendations were developed by experts in the field through consensus processes involving utilization of evidence grading to indicate the level of evidence upon which recommendations were based. This guideline may not be appropriate for all clinical situations and all patients. The decision whether to follow these recommendations must be made by a responsible physician on an individual basis. Protocols should be developed by individual institutions taking into account the patients' conditions, extent of interventions and available resources. This practice guideline is not intended to define standards of care or represent absolute requirements for patient care. The adherence to these guidelines cannot in any way guarantee successful outcomes and is rather meant to help individuals and institutions formulate plans to better deal with the challenges posed by perioperative patients with OSA. These recommendations reflect the current state of knowledge and its interpretation by a group of experts in the field at the time of publication. While these guidelines will be periodically updated, new information that becomes available between updates should be taken into account. Deviations in practice from guidelines may be justifiable and such deviations should not be interpreted as a basis for claims of negligence.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially

Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine Guidelines on Preoperative Screening and Assessment of Adult Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

The purpose of the Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine guideline on preoperative screening and assessment of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is to present recommendations based on the available clinical evidence on the topic where possible. As very few well-performed randomized studies in this field of perioperative care are available, most of the recommendations were developed by experts in the field through consensus processes involving utilization of evidence grading to indicate the level of evidence upon which recommendations were based. This guideline may not be appropriate for all clinical situations and all patients. The decision whether to follow these recommendations must be made by a responsible physician on an individual basis. Protocols should be developed by individual institutions taking into account the patients' conditions, extent of interventions and available resources. This practice guideline is not intended to define standards of care or represent absolute requirements for patient care. The adherence to these guidelines cannot in any way guarantee successful outcomes and is rather meant to help individuals and institutions formulate plans to better deal with the challenges posed by perioperative patients with OSA. These recommendations reflect the current state of knowledge and its interpretation by a group of experts in the field at the time of publication. While these guidelines will be periodically updated, new information that becomes available between updates should be taken into account. Deviations in practice from guidelines may be justifiable and such deviations should not be interpreted as a basis for claims of negligence